Process of making extracts.



W. WIEGAND. PROCESS 0F MAKING EXTRAUTS. APPLIOATION FILED 1113.17, 1909.

930,909. Patented Aug. 1o, 1909.

UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILHELM WIEGAND, OF MERSEBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO RICHARD BIEDER, OF FRANKIORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY. v

PROCESS F MAKING EXTRACTS.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WiLiiELM WIEGAND,

y engineer, citizen of Germany, subject of the Kin of Prussia and Emperor of Germany, resi ing at Merseburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Processes of Making Extracts, ol" which the following is a specification.

The invention refers drawing of extractive mattei' out from tannic materials, dye-wood, beet, and the like by the employment of the principle of coun-tercurrent in a horizontally arranged oblong receptacle and also to a device especially suited to the carrying out of the process.

The chief feature of the invention is the' prevention of the mixing together of the l'resh liquor just entering into the receptacle and the enriched extractive liquor and of extractive liquor of different strengths without constructing in accordance with known methods chambers or the like in the vat for both in the upper and lower portions ofthe` this purpose. `In order to eifect this in the process of the present invention only so much extraction liquor is employed as will enable the solidl vegetable material to be treated even when stirred always to stand at a'higher level than the liquor so that the formation of a layer of liq'uor enabling an equalization of concentration to take place is avoided, and the vegetable material quite as much as the dividing walls of the chambers according to the known methods, the mixing together of liquor of ilerent strengths. For carrying out the Vprocess a special stirring and conveying device is pref-` erably used, which is characterized by the alternate arrangement of helical segments and stirring arms on the horizontal shaft of the oblong receptacle. Through the action of -this stirring and forwarding device the formation of large st agnant areas ofliquor receiver is avoided.

In comparison with the known extraction receptacles of the horizontal type working according to the counter-current rinciple which are provided with particular c ambers in orderto prevent the mixing together of liquor of different strengths, the present invention has especially the gre at advantage that an essentially simpler and therefore cheaper meto a process for the revent l thereby Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

Serial No. 416,399.

chanical arrangement can be used, and especially that the whole apparatus in its essential parts may be constructedof Woodwhich is of importance in view of the liability of iron and the like to be acted upon by tanning-liquor.

When receptacles of the known vertical or slanting type are used the a plieation of this process would be technical y impossible because the oblon r receptacle would have to be completely fille( with solid goods throughout 'its whole diameter in order to prevent the mixing of liquor of different strengths and 4this would ievent the thorough working together of tllie liquor and the vegetable mattei', and the forwarding of the latter vertically or obliquely upward would be extremely dillicult. In this case also a closed tube thoroughly watertight everywhere would have to be u sed and the employment of a wooden receptacle or trough would be impossible.

A method of constructing the device used for carrying the process into execution is illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawing in side elevation and artial section; Fig. 2 is a vertical section t ereof.

Thematerial from which the extract is to be drawn out is poured through the entrance chute 2 into the closed trough sha ed wooden receptacle 1. In this horizontal y arran ed long receptacle helical segments 3 and etween thesegvertical stirring arms 13 are attached to the shaft 4 which is rotated by gear Wheels. The continuous introduction of liquor is effected through the pipe 5 while through the pipes 6 and 7, if desired, steam may be blown into the vat. Theenriched liquor is also continuously discharged through the pipe 8 which opens at a fixed hei ht in the rece tacle 1 near the chute 2.

Igor the removaibf the material from which the tanning, dyeing etc.iprineiple has been extracted a dischargin contrivance is affixed to the. opposite en( of the trough which in the instance illustrated consists of rollers 9'and 10 provided with s ikes or ins. Three rolls or cylinders 12 are s own w iich may be turned in opposite directions as described by the arrows. The material discharged from the vat by the rolls 9 and 10 falls between these revolving cylinders or rolls 12 and is freed from the extract adhering thereto.

If, for example, it is desired to extract the tanning principle from tanniferous material, a purpose for which this device is eminently ar apted, the procedure is about as follows The fresh vegetable material is introduced through the chute 2 while water is admitted through the pipe 5 and steam through the pipes 6 and 7 and the forwarding helix 3, 4 is made to revolve. By this means the tanniferous material is quite gradually passed along toward the discharging end of the trough and through the action of the stirring arms 13 and the helical segments 3 is at the same time thoroughly wored up and mixed with the liquor. The ingress and outlet of the liquor are so regulated that the level of the surface of the liquor is always below that of the goods from which the tannin is being extracted. The liquor consequently can ad- Vance only uite gently from its inlet through the vegetab e material vto the outlet opening 8 by thoroughly penetrating step by step the material which lies in front of it and is forced against it. In this way experiments have proved that, without employing costly apparatus, extracts of Very high concentration can be continuously produced. if

The solid material which is slowly moved without a great expenditure of power owingl to the horizontal arrangement of the oblong receptacle by means of the helical segments toward the discharge end and is deprived of its extractible material in a corresponding rate becomes hea ed up at the discharge end and by the help ol) the partition 14 in front of the rollers 10 makes then a steam tight closure for the receptacle and when it has .become heaped u asui'liciently high, is discharged through t e opening 1 l by the help of the rollers 9 and4 10.

Having now described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A rocess for`drawing extractive matter from di erent materials such as tannic material, dye-wood, beet and the like which consists in advancing the solid material in horizontal direction from one end of a horizontal elongated receptacle and the liquor from the other end, permitting the liquor to enter said receptacle in such a manner that the solid material will always stand at a higher level than the liquor, and stirring the material in a vertical direction while feeding it in a horizontal direction, whereby those parts which first lie beyond the level of the liquor are dipped into it, and other parts are raised out, no mixing of the strata of liquor of different degrees of concentration being effected thereby.

2. A process for extracting matter from solid material which consists in4 advancing the material to be acted upon in one direction and continuously feeding a small quantity of water in the other direction to enable the Vsolid material to stand at a higher level than IleSSeS. f

WHTHELM WIEGAND. Witnesses.: RUDOLPH FRICKE,

SOUTHARD P. WARNER. 

